IMPROVING THE OPERATIONAL PROPERTIES OF TRANSMISSION OILS OF GROUND TRANSPORT AND TECHNOLOGICAL MEANS BY ELECTROPHYSICAL METHODS

Abstract

. Improving the performance properties of transmission oils is a relevant task in the modern transport and mechanical engineering industry, as the efficiency of ground transport and technological equipment (GTT) directly depends on the durability and reliability of its transmissions. In the context of growing requirements for resource saving and reduction of maintenance costs, the development of methods to enhance oils has both practical and scientific significance. The aim of the study is to investigate the influence of gamma radiation and ultrasound on the physicochemical and operational properties of transmission oils in order to improve their anti-wear and anti-friction characteristics. Research objectives include: analysis of existing methods for improving the operational properties of transmission oils; determination of optimal modes of gamma irradiation and ultrasonic treatment; investigation of changes in viscosity, corrosion resistance, impurity dispersion, and anti-friction properties of oils; comparative assessment of the effectiveness of different treatment methods. Results showed that gamma irradiation with a dose of 6000 rad for 30 minutes and ultrasonic treatment of TM 1-18 (TEp-15) oil for one hour at a frequency of 20 kHz significantly improved the anti-wear properties of oils. The wear scar diameter decreased, and the critical load and welding load increased by 10–15% compared to commercial oils. The optimal treatment modes maintain effectiveness at operating temperatures of transmission units (60–80°C) and ensure the stability of oil properties during long-term storage. The study confirmed that modern physicochemical methods of oil treatment can significantly enhance the operational properties of transmission fluids, increase the service life of transmission parts, and reduce mechanical wear. The results can be applied for developing industrial technologies to improve oils and increase the reliability of GTT.